The Improved Phytoextraction of Heavy Metals and the Growth of Trifolium repens L.: The Role of K2HEDP and Plant Growth Regulators Alone and in Combination

Heavy metals are among the most widespread pollutants in soil. Phytoextraction technology is used to solve problem of multi-metal-contaminated The efficiency this process can be increased by introducing various amendments. A soil amendment any material added a improve its physical properties, such as water retention, permeability, infiltration, drainage, aeration, and structure. Some chemical amendments for enhanced phytoextraction, amino polycarboxylates chelators, hazardous environment perform poorly at pH > 8. effect potassium salt hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (K2HEDP), plant growth regulators (PGRs), iron chelate alone combination on phytoextraction Trifolium repens L. seedlings Cd, Ni, Cu was studied work. K2HEDP works wider range. results study confirmed that polycarboxylate with sodium ethylene diamine tetraacetic (Na2EDTA) an example, have pronounced negative development (organ mass) seedlings. K2HEDP, proposed authors instead Na2EDTA, produced positive development, which further use PGRs chelates. However, it should noted showed significantly lower trials highest chelates Cd.